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I agree with the article insofar as that learning a language solely via an app is not effective. However, I do not get the impression that the author actually has much experience learning languages through other means. > The phrase “learning a language” is deceptively reductive. A language isn’t a > singular monolith, but rather a complex interconnected system of components > that build a way to communicate. The lexicon consists of the individual > words, which speakers have to memorize. The syntax and grammar tell speakers > how to properly structure those words in a sentence. Then there’s the writing > system, which is the visual representation of words or sounds that allow > words to be constructed (for example, in English, the writing system is the > alphabet). And, more importantly, there is also the task of learning the meaning of words in common idioms, as well as learning to recognize implicit meaning. Understanding syntax and individual words will never help you understand sentences like, for example, "sorry, I just had to get it out of my system". It will also not help you recognize the tone of a piece of writing. > Duolingo often just drops a new particle on you without much explanation of > what it does or even that it’s a particle at all. Memrise handles this a bit > better, with lessons dedicated to how certain particles and grammar work, but > it helps to have external lessons, an instructor, or best of all a native > speaker to help explain some of the finer p