Matt Parker of Stand-up Maths demonstrates MENACE, Donald Michie's 1961 machine made of matchboxes that learns to play noughts and crosses through reinforcement. He builds and trains a physical version.
Why Hacker News points people here: HN cites it as a fun, tangible way to teach machine learning, including to kids.
Stand up maths did an episode on a similar "machine" called MENACE (Machine Educable Noughts And Crosses Engine) that learns to play tick tac toe. this video The video description has additional links to resources: linklink
RecommendsTachyooonJan 2023
“an amazing way to teach kids about this.”
Physical matchbox learning machine that teaches kids about AI.
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Seems like this is what Matt Parker built together with some other people a few years ago: this video . It's incredibly inefficient compared to running it on a computer, but an amazing way to teach kids about this.
RecommendsTachyooonJan 2026
“An "AI player" made of matchboxes, run by schoolkids, is a fantastically fun idea.”
Kids run a matchbox AI player for tic-tac-toe.
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The first time I heard of it was in this Matt Parker video where he helped do this with a school-sized group of kids [0]. An "AI player" made of matchboxes, run by schoolkids, is a fantastically fun idea. [0] this video
Cites itnotEvenOnceJun 2018
“Consider MENACE (Machine Educable Noughts And Crosses Engine).”
MENACE as an analogy for adaptive cells.
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The concept fits. Consider MENACE (Machine Educable Noughts And Crosses Engine). this video If cells operate in a similar fashion, where adaptation to externalities encodes itself into a durable surface of arbitrary pockets, then we have a recipe for inert systems exhibiting variable degrees of behavior, which is capable of evolving over time. This doesn't solve for sentience, but it does solve for expressive adaptation to fit into complex, hostile environments.
Cites itjerfJul 2025
“Matt Parker did a video about a physical implementation of MENACE”
Physical MENACE built for a museum display.
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Matt Parker did a video about a physical implementation of MENACE as part of a museum display for a day: this video